Summary
Lebanon - Concept of Operations, July 2026
Content
Background
Lebanon continues to face significant humanitarian consequences following the escalation of hostilities in March 2026, which triggered widespread displacement, civilian casualties, and further damage to infrastructure and essential services across the country. Despite subsequent ceasefire arrangements, humanitarian needs persist due to ongoing insecurity and pressure on basic services. Displacement and return dynamics remain highly fluid, with secondary displacement continuing in some areas as households face uncertainty regarding the sustainability and safety of return. According to the 9 July 2026 Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM), approximately 430,600 people remain displaced nationwide.
Damage to critical infrastructure, including roads, telecommunications networks and public utilities, combined with ongoing population movements and localized movement restrictions, continues to hinder the delivery of humanitarian assistance. Humanitarian access remains particularly challenging in parts of South and Nabatieh governorates, where damaged roads, disrupted communications, volatile security conditions and UXO contamination constrain and delay humanitarian movements. Regional instability and pressure on key supply routes further increase risks to humanitarian supply chains, highlighting the need for coordinated logistics services and access support.
To address the challenges, the Logistics and Telecommunications Cluster (LTC), led by the World Food Programme, was activated on 16 March 2026 to provide coordination, information management support, and facilitating access to common logistics services for storage and transport through convoys.
Logistics Gaps and Bottlenecks
Access and security constraints remain the largest challenges faced by humanitarian partners in reaching vulnerable communities with life-saving relief supplies. Key Issues includes:
- Limited number of entry points in the country, with only one international airport and two main operational ports, Beirut and Tripoli, as well as a reduced number of landside border points opened from Syria.
- Constraints in accessing conflict-affected areas, with limited capacity of partners to coordinate the safe transport of humanitarian cargo with the several actors involved in the existing notification system.
- Real-time data collection, analysis, and monitoring of the accessibility of roads and access by humanitarian partners, particularly in hard-to-reach and affected areas.
- Joint coordination with national counterparts on logistics issues is required to ensure clear communication and avoid overburdening existing national structures for emergency coordination at national and local level.
- Coordinated cross-border transport support is required to address bottlenecks in the movement of humanitarian cargo from regional supply hubs into Lebanon.
- Fuel availability in Lebanon remains a critical risk. The country is vulnerable to shocks in the fuel supply and price spikes, particularly considering the reliance on fuel for basic services such as hospitals and overall electrical network.
Objectives
The WFP-led Logistics and Telecommunications Cluster (LTC) is facilitating coordinated planning and advocacy efforts by leveraging the logistics expertise of responding humanitarian organizations, as well as facilitating access to sufficient and reliable logistics services. These efforts aim to strengthen collaboration, improve operational efficiency, and ensure that humanitarian assistance reaches affected communities in a timely and effective manner.
Planned Activities
The following range of activities and services are not intended to replace the logistics capacities of individual agencies or organisations, but rather to fill identified gaps in the humanitarian supply chain and supplement the response of the humanitarian community through the provision of common services, based on need.
Coordination
- Coordination with authorities at national and local level, to raise awareness around common logistics issues and advocate for solution in existing national emergency coordination structures.
- Coordination with other Cluster and agencies, through participation in the inter-Cluster and inter-agencies fora, on strategic planning and pipeline information to enhance preparedness and response actions.
- Liaison with partners to leverage the logistics capacity and resources available within the humanitarian community, enabling efficient use and allocation of resources to reduce inefficiencies in emergency supply chains.
- Charing coordination platforms for partners in Beirut or other affected areas through regular meetings in Beirut, and other field locations as required, and specific thematic working groups.
- Support the coordination of inter-agency access initiatives including cross-border corridor implementation and convoys within Lebanon.
- Engagement with the private sector and donors to leverage available logistics expertise, services & assets in support of the logistics response.
- Coordination at regional level to ensure readiness in case of need for the establishment of additional regional corridors, in case of airport and port congestion or closure.
Information Management
- Consolidate, analyse and share relevant information, operational overviews, SOPs, and other essential documents via a Country Operation webpage, dedicated WhatsApp groups, and mailing lists.
- Develop and disseminate logistics planning maps, update information-sharing platforms (Log.IE), and provide guidance on potential solutions through analysis of the available information.
- Continuous monitor analysis and sharing of the status of entry points and corridors, logistics provider, supplier’s markets and disruptions, ensuring that up-to-date information guides logistics planning and response efforts.
- Ensure the timely production and dissemination of operational information, reporting products, donor inputs, and advocacy messages for inter-sector coordination fora and relevant stakeholders.
- Monitor fuel availability and market disruptions to identify potential impacts on humanitarian operations and support appropriate mitigation measures.
Storage
Common Storage
- Consolidation relief cargo at the Logistics Cluster Warehouse Karantina in Beirut for its prepositioning to facilitate timely loading of trucks for convoys facilitated by the LTC.
- Facilitation of access to common temporary storage facility in Beirut, and other strategic locations identified through partner needs assessments.
- Where needed, augmentation of storage capacity for humanitarian organisations through provision of mobile storage tents and handling equipment.
Overland Transport
Transport through the convoys
- In coordination with all responsible parties, organize and facilitate access to convoys traveling from Beirut or other locations, as determined by operational needs, to hard-to-reach areas.
- Establishment and implementation of the Jordan-Lebanon corridor movement on a regular basis to facilitate the efficient and uninterrupted movement of humanitarian relief items.
Training
- Facilitate access to basic logistics and supply chain management training for national and local humanitarian partners to strengthen operational readiness and response capacity.
- Identify logistics and supply chain capacity needs and provide targeted support to strengthen the logistics capacity of national authorities.